Babur

Babur Ruler of Ferghana and founder of Mughal Empire in India
Reign 30 April 1526 – 26 December 1530
Successor -Humayun
Spouse -Aisha Sultan Begum,
Zaynab Sultan Begum
Masuma Sultan Begum,
Maham Begum,
Dildar Agha Begum,
Gulnar Agha Begum,
Gulrukh Begum,
Afghani Agha Begum,
Nargul Agha Begum,
Saliha Sultan Begum,
Issue Humayun, son
Kamran Mirza, son
Askarī Mirzā, son
Hindal Mirzā, son
Fakhr-un-Nissa, daughter
Gulrang Begum, daughter
Gulbadan Begum, daughter
Gulchehra Begum, daughter
Altun Bishik, alleged son
Full name
Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babur
House -Timurid
Dynasty- Mughal Empire
Father- Umar Shaikh Mirza II, ʿAmīr of Farghana
Mother -Qutlugh Nigar Khanum
Born -14 February 1483
Andijan, Mughalistan (present-day Uzbekistan)
Died -26 December 1530 (aged 47)
Agra, Mughal Empire (present-day India)Burial -Kabul, Afghanistanshahjahan's wife : khandari begum,Akabarabadi mahal,Mumtaz mahal,Hasina,muti begum,QUDSIA BEGUM,FATEHPURI MAHAL,sarhindi begum,SMT. MANBHATHI D/o Raja Bhagwan das,NIECE OF JODHA BAI..princess of Amer(jaipur),Kachhwaha rajput ruler.MANBHATHI BORE A SON PRINCE KHUSRAU MIRZA,WHO REBELL AGAINST Jahangir Emperor in 1606.

MUGHALS EMPEROR FROM AFGHANISTAN

MUGHALS EMPEROR FROM AFGHANISTAN
1..BABUR.:-Babur Ruler of Ferghana and founder of Mughal Empire in India
Reign 30 April 1526 – 26 December 1530
Successor -Humayun
Spouse -Aisha Sultan Begum,
Zaynab Sultan Begum
Masuma Sultan Begum,
Maham Begum,
Dildar Agha Begum,
Gulnar Agha Begum,
Gulrukh Begum,
Afghani Agha Begum,
Nargul Agha Begum,
Saliha Sultan Begum,
Issue Humayun, son
Kamran Mirza, son
Askarī Mirzā, son
Hindal Mirzā, son
Fakhr-un-Nissa, daughter
Gulrang Begum, daughter
Gulbadan Begum, daughter
Gulchehra Begum, daughter
Altun Bishik, alleged son
Full name
Zahir-ud-din Muhammad Babur
House -Timurid
Dynasty- Mughal Empire
Father- Umar Shaikh Mirza II, ʿAmīr of Farghana
Mother -Qutlugh Nigar Khanum
Born -14 February 1483
Andijan, Mughalistan (present-day Uzbekistan)
Died -26 December 1530 (aged 47)
Agra, Mughal Empire (present-day India)
Burial -Kabul, Afghanistan2.HUMAYUN ;-
.3AKBAR
4.JAHANGIR
5.SHAH JAHAN
6.AURANGZEB

Panna Dhai Panna Dhai - Symbols Of Extraordinary Loyalty

Panna Dhai, a 16th century Rajput woman of the Kheechee tribe, nursemaid to Udai Singh, the fourth son of Maharana SANGRAM SINGH I (SANGA) (1509-1527). Her name, Panna means emerald, and dhai means a wet nurse in hindi language. She had been given charge of young Udai, breast - feeding him virtually from his birth in 1522, along with her own son Chandan (also known as Moti), who was of similar age and Udai's playmate.However, the second and third decades of the 16th century were troubled times, and events moved rapidly. Sanga died of wounds sustained at the Battle of KHANWA (1527) against Mughal emperor BABUR. Sanga's eldest son BHOJ RAJ had been killed in battle in 1521. Three of his other sons died during his lifetime. Then his eldest son succeeded to the throne as Maharana RATAN SINGH II (1527-1531). However, when he died after ruling only four years, the vile-tempered VIKRAMADITYA II succeeded to the throne at the young age of 14.

Vikramaditya took a small force of nobles and their armies into the hills to provide a second attack force; and young Udai Singh was spirited away with a small party that included Panna and her son to safety in Bundi. Chittor was sacked and Bahadur Shah returned to Gujarat. Udai Singh returned to the capital, and Vikramaditya came back to continue his reign. Unfortunately, his temperament had not improved with defeat and, one day in 1536, he physically abused a respected old chieftain at the Court. This proved to be the final straw for the Mewar nobles; they placed Vikramaditya under palace arrest, leaving the object of Panna Dhai's love and loyalty, Udai Singh as heir-elect to the throne.

The Court appointed a distant cousin, BANBIR to act as his Regent. He was, allegedly, the illegitimate son of Udai's uncle, PRITHVI RAJ (Crown Prince Prithvi Raj had a fight with his younger brother, Sangram Singh, and was sent into exile where he died, never to succeed to his birthright as Maharana of Mewar). Banbir, who considered himself to be the rightful heir to the throne knew the time was right to act. One evening that same year, he assassinated the imprisoned Vikramaditya, then hurried towards the rawala to get rid of the only remaining barrier to his ambition, the 14-year-old Maharana-elect, Udai Singh.

Panna Dhai had already fed her beloved son and her royal charge, and put them to bed. A servant (vari) ran in to tell her of the nearby assassination. Immediately, the loyal nursemaid realised what Banbir was doing. She also knew that, for the future of Mewar, young Udai must be saved. Urgently, she instructed the servant to put the sleeping prince into a large basket and smuggle him out of the fort to a spot by the nearby river where she would join them later. As soon as the servant left with the basket and its precious royal contents, she summoned an amazing strength of will that is characteristic of so many Rajputs: she lifted her sleeping son, Chandan, from his bed and placed him on the prince's bed, covering him with a blanket.

Within moments, Banbir burst into the room, sword in hand. When asked the whereabouts of the infant Maharana, Panna Dhai pointed to the occupied bed ... and watched in horror as the murderer slew her son. Banbir then called a meeting of the Court, informed the gathered chiefs that both Vikramaditya and Udai were dead and, claiming his dubious right to the throne, proclaimed himself the new king of Mewar. Meanwhile, the grief-stricken Panna Dhai watched as her son was hastily cremated. She then packed some clothing and meagre supplies into a bag, and hurried from the fort. At the designated spot by the river, she took charge of the young king and urged the servant, in the name of Mewar, not to mention a word of what had transpired that night. The woman and child then began an amazing trek of endurance, which lasted many weeks. They called at several towns seeking refuge from the local Chieftains. However, having heard of events at the capital, and to evade any repercussions from the violent Banbir, the Rawats (Chiefs) refused assistance. As Panna and Udai struggled on through the rugged valleys of the Aravalli ranges, only the local tribals, the BHILS, traditionally faithful to the Mewar crown, gave the couple food and temporary lodgings. Finally, they arrived at KUMBHALGARH, many kilometres west of Chittor, where the local governor, a Jain merchant named ASHA DEPURA SHAH, agreed to give the child protection.

For a couple of years, Panna Dhai and the young king remained at Kumbhalgarh, where he was passed off as Asha Shah's nephew. However, in 1539, a chieftain from Marwar visited the fort, and the 17-year-old Udai was sent to receive him. The youth's dignified manner convinced him he was no nephew of the Jain governor, and rumour quickly spread that Udai Singh might still be alive. A deputy of chiefs from Chittor went in secret to Kumbhalgarh, where they interviewed not only the young man, but also Panna Dhai. The royal nursemaid, knowing her young charge would now be in safe hands, told them the full story of the deception and the escape. The nobles proclaimed Udai as their Maharana and his coronation was held at Kumbhalgarh. In 1540, backed by a large combined Mewar and Marwar force, Udai Singh, then aged 18, marched on Chittor to reclaim his throne. Hearing of their approach, Banbir the usurper mounted an army and rode out to repel them. They met at Mavli (northeast of Udaipur-southwest of Chittor) and Banbir was defeated (he was either killed or he escaped, never to return). Maharana Udai Singh rode into Chittor acclaimed by the populace.

And at that point, Panna Dhai, the humble nursemaid, disappeared from the pages of Mewar's history. However, her name and her deeds will live forever as symbols of extraordinary loyalty, patriotism and personal sacrifice. But for her, the long reign of the House of Mewar would surely have ended, and the city of Udaipur, later founded by Udai Singh, would never have existed.http://www.chittorgarh.com/panna-dhai.asp

Meera bai- Bhajan

Meera Bhajan (Bhajans of MiraBai)

Meera is known for many beautiful bhajans that she sung in praise of lord Krishna. Few of the famous bhajan lyrics are as below:

Aisi Lagi Lagan, Meera Ho Gai Magan ... Aisi lagi lagan, meera ho gayi magan Wo to gali-gali hari guna ganne lagi Mehlo mein pali, ban ke jogun chali Meera rani divani kahane lagi Aisi lagi lagan, meera ho gayi magan - 2 Koi roke nahi, koi toke nahi Meera govinda gopal-e ganne lagi Baithi santon ke sang, rangi mohan ke rang Meera premi pritam ko manane lagi Aisi lagi lagan, meera ho gayi magan Wo to gali-gali hari guna ganne lagi Mehlo mein pali, ban ke jogun chali Meera rani divani kahane lagi Aisi lagi lagan, meera ho gayi magan - 2 Rana ne vish diya, mano amrit piya Meera sagar mein sarita samane lagi Dukh-e lakhon sahe, mukse govind kahe Meera govinda gopal-e ganne lagi Aisi lagi lagan, meera ho gayi magan Wo to gali-gali hari guna ganne lagi Mehlo mein pali, ban ke jogun chali o Tum Chhoodo Piya, Main Nahi Chhodu re ... Jo tum chhoodo piya Main nahi chhodu re Tosai preet joudi Krishna Kaun sang joudu re… Meera nai toe keh daala, Main kya boolu mere Ram, Is kalyug ke bhoolbhlaiya mein khoye Mere who sawarai, sunder Shyam Janam sai he, iss vyakkol mann mein, Ek pyaas ajeeb samayee hai Mein bhi banoo ek din piya ki pyaree Yeh tujhe se duhai hai Itna toe batla de o Bhagwan Is bhanwar mein jo tune utaara hai Mere Kanha ko bhi is kalyug mein Behshaque tone kahin banaaya hai Mann main bassi hai moore Prabhu Meera ki he madhoor vani, Tann mein agann jale hai morai Radha se mai prem diwanee Iss matwali kaari duniya mein Morai Kaanha, tohe kahan dhoondhu mai, Mein tori raah ektook ho dekhoo Bus aur kuch bhi naa janoo mai Pal bhi yeh aass nahi mitt-paatee Ke ek din tu bhi aayeega, Is bawari, akeli bairagan ko he Tu saprem apni Radha banayegaMeera rani divani kahane lagi Aisi lagi lagan, meera ho gayi magan - 3.   Barasai Badariyaa Saavan Kii ... barasai badariyaa saavan kii, saavan kii man bhaavan kii. saavan me.n umagyo mero manavaa, bhanak sunii hari aavan kii.. uma.D ghuma.D chahu.n disase aayo, daamaNa damake jhar laavan kii. naanhii.n naanhii.n buu.ndan mehaa barasai, siital pavan sohaavan kii.. miiraa.N ke prabhu giradhar naagar, aananda ma.ngal gaavan kii..   Herii Mhaa Darad DivaaNaa herii mhaa darad divaaNaa.N mhaaraa darad n jaaNyaa.N koya. ghaayal rii gat ghaayal jaaNyaa.N hiba.Do agaN sanjoya.. jauhar kii gat jauharii jaaNai kyaa jaaNyaa.N jaN khoya. miiraa.N rii prabhu piir miTaa.Ngaa jab vaid saa.Nvaro hoya..

MiraBai (Meera Bai / Meerabai / Mirabai) Mirabai (Meerabai or Meera) - A devout follower of Lord Krishna

MiraBai (1498 - 1547) was a Rajput princess who lived in the north Indian state of Rajasthan. She was a devout follower of Lord Krishna. MiraBai was one of the foremost exponents of the Prema Bhakti (Divine Love) and an inspired poetess. She sang in vraja-bhasha, sometimes mixed with rajasthani, in praise of Giridhara Gopala (Shri Krishna), her lord for whom she developed in her heart the most intense love and devotion.

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MiraBai was born in 1504 AD at Chaukari village in Merta District of Rajasthan. Merta was a small state in Marwar, Rajasthan ruled by the Ranthors, great devotees of Vishnu. Her father, Ratan Singh, was the second son of Rao Duda ji, a descendent of Rao Jodha ji Rathor, the founder of Jodhpur. MiraBai was raised and nurtured by her grandfather. As customary with royal families, her education included knowledge of scriptures, music, archery, fencing, horseback riding and driving chariots – she was also trained to wield weapons in case of a war. However, MiraBai also grew up amidst an atmosphere of total Krishna consciousness, which was responsible in molding her life in the path of total devotion towards Lord Krishna. When she was just four years of age, she manifested her deep devotion to Krishna. MiraBai watched a marriage procession in front of her residence. MiraBai, the child, spotted the well-dressed bridegroom and asked her mother innocently, "Dear mother, who will be my bridegroom?" MiraBai’s mother smiled, and half in jest and half in earnest, pointed towards the image of Sri Krishna and said, "My dear Mira, Lord Krishna - this beautiful fellow – is going to be your bridegroom". Soon after, MiraBai’s mother passed on. As MiraBai grew up, her desire to be with her Krishna grew intensely and she believed that Lord Krishna would come to marry her. In due course, she became firmly convinced that Krishna was to be her husband. MiraBai was soft-spoken, mild-mannered, gifted, sweet, and sang with a melodious voice. She was reputed to be one of the most extraordinary beauties of her time with fame spreading to several kingdoms and provinces. Her fame spread far and wide. Rana Sangram Singh, commonly known as Rana Sangha, the powerful King of Mewar, approached Rao Duda for MiraBai’s hand in marriage to his son Bhojraj (also known as Rana Kumbha or KumbhaRana). Bhojraj wanted to marry MiraBai for her pious nature and divine intent. Rao Duda agreed to the union. However, MiraBai could not bear the thought of marrying a human being when her heart was filled with thoughts of every nature, all about her Krishna. But unable to go against her beloved grandfathers word, she finally consented to the marriage. MiraBai was wed to Rana Kumbha in 1513, before she turned 14. As ordained, MiraBai was dutiful. She left for (Chittorgarh) Mewar with the Rana Kumbha. After her household duties were over, Meera would go to the temple of Lord Krishna, worship, sing and dance before Lord Krishna Idol daily. KumbhaRana’s mother and other ladies of the palace did not like the ways of MiraBai, as they were worldly-minded and jealous. MiraBai’s mother-in-law forced her to worship Durga and admonished her often. But MiraBai maintained, "I have already given up my life to my beloved Lord Krishna". MiraBai’s sister-in-law Udabai formed a conspiracy and began to defame the innocent Meera. She informed Rana Kumbha that Meera was in secret love with some one, that she witnessed Meera talking to her lover(s) in the temple, and that she would show him the persons if he would accompany her one night. The ladies further raved that MiraBai, by her conduct, had brought a great slur on the reputation of the Rana family of Chittor. The enraged Kumbha ran with sword in hand towards Meera, but as luck would have it Meera had gone to her Krishna temple. A sober relative of the Rana counseled him, "Rana! You will forever repent for your hasty behavior and consequences. Enquire into the allegation carefully and you will find the truth. Meera bai is a great devotee of the Lord. Remember why you sought her hand. Out of sheer jealousy the ladies might have concocted scandals against Meera Bai to incite you and ruin her". Kumbha calmed down and accompanied his sister who persistently took him to the temple at dead of night. Rana Kumbha broke open the door, rushed inside and found Meera alone in her ecstatic mood talking and singing to the idol. The Rana shouted at Meera, "Meera, show me your lover with whom you are talking now". Meera replied, "There sits He—my Lord—the Nanichora who has stolen my heart". She went into a trance. The ladies floated other rumors that Meera was mixing very freely with Sadhus. Meera was unaffected by such scandals and continued to invite Bhagavathas to join her in Krishna bhajan at the temple. She stood unruffled in the face of accusations from the royal family. When questioned about her marital responsibilities, Meera responded that it was Krishna to whom she was married. KumbhaRana was heart-broken but remained a good husband and sympathizer of Meera until his death. Rana’s relatives began persecuting Meera in various ways, even though Meera had no desire for the throne. Meera was sent a basket with a cobra inside and a message that the basket contained a garland of flowers. Meera, after meditation, opened the basket and found inside a lovely idol of Sri Krishna with a garland of flowers. The relentless Rana (her brother-in-law) sent her a cup of poison with the message that it was nectar. Meera offered it to her Lord Krishna and took it as His Prasad. It was real nectar to her. The bed of nails that the Rana sent transformed into a bed of roses when Meera reposed on it. When the torture and scandals continued, Meera sent a letter to Goswami Tulsidas and asked for his advice. She wrote, "Simply because I am constantly tortured by my relatives, I cannot abandon my Krishna. I am unable to carry on with my devotional practices in the palace. I have made Giridhar Gopala my friend from my very childhood. I feel a total bondage with him. I cannot break that bond".

Tulsidasji sent a reply: "Abandon those who cannot understand you and who do not worship Rama or Syama, even though they are your dearest relatives. Prahlada abandoned his father; Vibhishana left his brother Ravana; Bharata deserted his stepmother; Bali forsook even his Guru; the Gopasthrees, the women of Vraja, disowned their husbands to get to their Krishna. Their lives were all the happier for having done so. The relation with God and the love of God are the only elements that are true and eternal; all other relationships are unreal and temporary". Meera met up once again with her Guru and mentor Raidas, who is said to have lived to a ripe age of 118 years. She went into the slums often to be in the satsang of this great teacher. This was the impetus and inspiration behind the many queries and controversies that she raised about Kulam in her songs. The turning point in Meerabai’s life occurred when once Akbar and his court musician Tansen came in disguise to Chittor to hear Meera’s devotional and inspiring songs. Both entered the temple and listened to Meera’s soul - stirring songs to their heart’s content. Before he departed, he touched the holy feet of Meera and placed a necklace of priceless gems in front of the idol as a present. Somehow the news reached the KumbhaRana that Akbar had entered the sacred temple in disguise, touched the feet of Meerabai and even presented her a necklace. The Rana became furious. He told Meerabai, "Drown yourself in the river and never show your face to the world in future. You have brought great disgrace on my family". Meerabai obeyed the words of King. She proceeded to the river to drown herself. The names of the Lord "Govinda, Giridhari, Gopala" were always on her lips. She sang and danced in ecstasy on her way to the river. When she raised her feet from the ground, a hand from behind grasped her and embraced her. She turned behind and saw her beloved Giridhari. She fainted on him. After a few minutes she opened her eyes. Lord Krishna smiled and gently whispered: "My dear Meera, your life with your mortal relatives is over now. You are absolutely free. Be cheerful. You are and have always been mine." Meera walked barefoot on the hot sandy beds of Rajasthan. On her way, many ladies, children and devotees received her with great hospitality. She reached Brindavan (or Vrindaban). It was at Brindavan that she again met and was inspired by Sant Raidas. She went about Brindavan doing Oonchavritti and worshipped in the Govinda Mandir which has since become famous and is now a great place of pilgrimage for devotees from all over the world. A repentant Kumbha came to Vrindavan to see Meera and prayed that he may be forgiven for all his previous wrongs and cruel deeds. He begged that Meera return to the kingdom and was assume her role as the queen once more. Meera said to Rana that Krishna is only one King and my life belongs to him. The KumbhaRana, for the first time, truly understood Meera’s exalted state of mind and prostrated before her in reverence. He then promptly left Vrindavan a changed soul. Jiva Gosain was the head of the Vaishnavites in Brindavan. Meera wanted to have Darshan of Jiva Gosain. He declined to see her. He sent word to Meera that he would not allow any woman in his presence. Mirabai retorted: "Everybody in Brindavan is a woman. Only Giridhar Gopala is Purusha. Today only I have come to know that there is another Purusha besides Krishna in Brindavan". Jiva Gosain was put to shame. He at once went to see Meera and paid her due respects. Meera’s fame spread far and wide. She was immersed in satsang day in and out. At the request of KumbhaRana, Meera returned to Mewar and Kumbha agreed to her request that she would reside in the temple of Krishna but would not restrict her movements and wanderings. From Mewar, she once again returned to Brindavan, and then went on to Dwaraka. The King went with her. On Krishna’s Janmashtami at the temple of Krishna. There was much happiness all around in the abode of the Lord. The light of the lamps, the sound of the bhajans and the energy from the devotees’ ecstacy were filling the air. With Tamburi in one hand and cymbals or chipla in the other the great tapasvini was singing ecstatically with her Gopala smiling in front of her closed eyes. Meera stood up and danced with her song ‘Mere Janama Maran ke sathee’, and when the song ended, Kumbha gently approached her and requested her to come back. Meera said, ‘Ranaji, the body is yours and you are a great devotee, but my mind, emotions and the soul are all his. I do not know what use am I to you at this state of mind’. Kumbha was moved and he started singing with her in unison. Meera rose up abruptly, stumbled and fell at the flowers on the feet of Giridhari. ‘Oh, Giridhari, are you calling me, I am coming’. When Kumbha and the rest were watching in awe, there was a lightning which enveloped Meera and the sanctum doors closed on their own. When the doors opened again, Meera’s saree was enveloping Lord Krishna’s idol and her voice and the flute accompaniment were the only sounds that could be heard. So many princesses and queens have come and gone. So many princesses, and queens have appeared on the stage of this world and vanished. How is it that the queen of Chittor alone is still remembered? Is this on account of her beauty? Is this on account of her poetic skill? No. It is on account of her renunciation, single-minded devotion to Lord Krishna and the self-realization. She conversed with Krishna. She ate with Krishna, her Beloved. She drank the Krishna-premarasa. She sang from the core of her heart about her unique spiritual experi

Rani Padmini - A legendary beauty

Rani Padmini - A legendary beauty

In the 12th and 13th centuries, the Sultanate of Delhi - the kingdom set up by the invaders was nevertheless growing in power. The Sultans made repeated attack on Mewad on one pretext or the other. Here we may recollect the story of Rani Padmani who was the pretext for Allah-ud-din Khilji's attack on Chittod. In those days Chittod was under the Rule of King Ratansen, a brave and noble warrior-king. Apart, from being a loving husband and a just ruler, Ratansen was also a patron of the arts. In his court were many talented People one of whom was a musician named Raghav Chetan. But unknown to anybody, Raghav Chetan was also a sorcerer. He used his evil talents to run down his rivals and unfortunately for him was caught red-handed in his dirty act of arousing evil spirits.